Data element attributes  |
Collection and usage attributes |
Guide for use: | This metadata item is based on the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) standard for Indigenous status. For detailed advice on its use and application please refer to the ABS website as indicated in the Reference documents. The Indigenous status question allows for more than one response. The procedure for coding multiple responses is as follows: - If the respondent answers 'Yes, Aboriginal' and 'Yes, Torres Strait Islander', then their response should be coded to 'Yes, both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander origin'.
- If the respondent answers 'No' and one or more of the following:
- 'Yes, Aboriginal' - 'Yes, Torres Strait Islander' - 'Yes, both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander'
then the response should be coded to 'Not stated/inadequately described' if the response cannot be clarified with the respondent. |
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Collection methods: | The following information provides advice on the recommended way to ask the Indigenous status question. Self-enumerated collections For self-enumerated collections (for example, self-completed questionnaires or forms), the following question is recommended: Q1. [Are you] [Is the person] [Is (name)] of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin? - No
- Yes, Aboriginal
- Yes, Torres Strait Islander
If [you] [the person] [(name)] are of both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander origin, answer using both 'Yes' options. This approach may be problematic in some data collections, for example when data are collected using screen based data capture systems. An additional response category of 'Yes, both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander' may be included if this better suits the data collection practices of the agency or establishment concerned. If the Indigenous status question has not been completed on a returned form, this should be followed up and confirmed with the person. Interviewer-conducted collections For interviewer-conducted collections in which the Indigenous status of one person is collected, the following question set is recommended: Q1. Are you of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin? - Yes
- No (no more questions)
Q2. Are you of Aboriginal origin, Torres Strait Islander origin, or both? - Aboriginal
- Torres Strait Islander
- Both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
The first question is used to sequence out non-Indigenous Australians. The second question is used to determine the specific Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander origin of the person. A benefit of this approach is that the interviewer is not required to prompt the respondent with response categories. The 'Both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander' response category can be included or excluded in interviewer conducted collections depending on which option best suits the data collection practices of the agency concerned. Including the additional response category ensures that respondents are aware of the option to identify as being of both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander origin. Various articulations of the standard question are recommended to address the following circumstances: Person is present and answers This question wording is recommended where it is known that the person being interviewed is the subject: Q1. Are you of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin? Q2. Are you of Aboriginal origin, Torres Strait Islander origin, or both? Person is not present and someone else who knows the person well answers The following question wording is recommended when another member of the household answers for the person. Examples of such incidents include: parents answering for children, or relatives answering in hospital situations. Q1. Is [the person] [(name)] of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin? Q2. Is [the person] [(name)] of Aboriginal origin, Torres Strait Islander origin, or both? Person is deceased and someone else answers on their behalf (for example, death information form) In these circumstances a close relative or friend should answer. Only if a relative or friend is unavailable should the undertaker or other such person answer. The suggested question wording follows: Q1. Was [the person] [(name)] of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin? Q2. Was [the person] [(name)] of Aboriginal origin, Torres Strait Islander origin, or both? Person is an infant and parents answer (e.g. perinatal information form) In this circumstance it is recommended that parents are asked: Q1. Is [the baby's] [(name)'s] mother of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin? Q2. Is [the baby's] [(name)'s] mother of Aboriginal origin, Torres Strait Islander origin, or both? and Q1. Is [the baby's] [(name)'s] father of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin? Q2. Is [the baby's] [(name)'s] father of Aboriginal origin, Torres Strait Islander origin, or both? For interview conducted collections in which the Indigenous Status of more than one person is collected from a household representative, the following question set is recommended: Q1. Is anyone who (usually lives here) (or) (is visiting here) of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin? Q2. Who are they? Question 3 is asked of each person identified as being of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin. Q3. [Are you] [Is (name)] of Aboriginal origin, Torres Strait Islander origin, or both? - Aboriginal
- Torres Strait Islander
- Both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
The first question is used to sequence out households in which no Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people usually live (or are visiting). The second question is used to identify those usual residents (and visitors) of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin. This approach eliminates the need to repeatedly ask the Indigenous status question of each individual in a household when data are collected on a single household form. It is particularly advantageous when collecting from areas with a large proportion of households with non-Indigenous Australians. For both self-enumerated collections and interviewer-conducted collections The Indigenous status question can be used in circumstances where a close relative, friend, or another member of the household is answering on behalf of the subject. It is strongly recommended that the question be asked directly wherever possible. When the subject person is not present, the person answering for them should be in a position to do so, that is, this person must know the person about whom the question is being asked well and feel confident to provide accurate information about them. The Indigenous status question must always be asked regardless of data collectors' perceptions based on appearance or other factors. The Indigenous status question may only be left unanswered in the following circumstances: - Where the person declined to answer
- Where the question was not able to be asked because the client was unable to communicate or a person who knows the client was not available.
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Comments: |
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Source and reference attributes |
Submitting organisation: | Australian Institute of Health and Welfare |
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Reference documents: | Australian Bureau of Statistics 2014. Indigenous Status Standard Version 1.5, Canberra. Viewed 29 September 2015, http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/ a866861f12e106e0ca256a38002791fa/ 5609d66dcc94996eca257d6a000fb3fc!OpenDocument. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2010. National best practice guidelines for collecting Indigenous status in health data sets. Cat. no. IHW 29. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 29 September 2015, http://www.aihw.gov.au/publication-detail/?id=6442468342. |
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Relational attributes |
Related metadata references: | Supersedes Person—Indigenous status, code N
Children and Families, Superseded 20/01/2021
Community Services (retired), Standard 25/08/2005
Disability, Superseded 29/02/2016
Early Childhood, Superseded 24/07/2018
Health, Superseded 19/11/2015
Homelessness, Superseded 10/08/2018
Housing assistance, Superseded 30/08/2017
Independent Hospital Pricing Authority, Standard 01/11/2012
Indigenous, Superseded 16/10/2017
Tasmanian Health, Superseded 01/09/2016
WA Health, Standard 04/03/2014
Youth Justice, Superseded 23/03/2023 Supersedes Person—Indigenous status, code N
Children and Families, Superseded 20/01/2021
Community Services (retired), Standard 25/08/2005
Disability, Superseded 29/02/2016
Early Childhood, Superseded 24/07/2018
Health, Superseded 19/11/2015
Homelessness, Superseded 10/08/2018
Housing assistance, Superseded 30/08/2017
Independent Hospital Pricing Authority, Standard 01/11/2012
Indigenous, Superseded 16/10/2017
Tasmanian Health, Superseded 01/09/2016
WA Health, Standard 04/03/2014
Youth Justice, Superseded 23/03/2023 |
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Implementation in Data Set Specifications: |
Child protection (CP) client file cluster
Children and Families, Superseded 03/11/2021 DSS specific information: Record 5 'Indigenous - not further specified' where no differentiation between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander is made. This code is used in the CP NMDS and is not mappable to the Indigenous status standard. Code 9 'Not stated/inadequately described' in the data element is equivalent to code 99 in the Child protection NMDS collection manual.
Child protection (CP) client file cluster
Children and Families, Standard 03/11/2021 DSS specific information: Record 5 'Indigenous - not further specified' where no differentiation between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander is made. This code is used in the CP NMDS and is not mappable to the Indigenous status standard. Code 9 'Not stated/inadequately described' in the data element is equivalent to code 99 in the Child protection NMDS collection manual.
COVID-19 vaccination status cluster (Prison dischargee)
Health, Recorded 24/04/2023 DSS specific information: Note: in this cluster, CODE 1 'Aboriginal but not Torres Strait Islander origin, CODE 2 'Torres Strait Islander but not Aboriginal origin' and CODE 3 'Both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander origin' are mapped to the label 'Indigenous'; CODE 4 'Neither Aboriginal nor Torres Strait Islander origin' and Supplementary value CODE 9 'Not stated/inadequately described' are mapped to the label 'Non-indigenous'
COVID-19 vaccination status cluster (Prison entrant)
Health, Recorded 24/04/2023 DSS specific information: Note: in this cluster, CODE 1 'Aboriginal but not Torres Strait Islander origin, CODE 2 'Torres Strait Islander but not Aboriginal origin' and CODE 3 'Both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander origin' are mapped to the label 'Indigenous'; CODE 4 'Neither Aboriginal nor Torres Strait Islander origin' and Supplementary value CODE 9 'Not stated/inadequately described' are mapped to the label 'Non-indigenous'
Disability Services NMDS 2017–18
Disability, Superseded 05/07/2019 Implementation start date: 01/07/2017 Implementation end date: 30/06/2018 DSS specific information: The term 'Indigenous status' does not include 'South Sea Islander origin'. People of 'South Sea Islander origin' should be recorded as code 4 ('Neither Aboriginal origin nor Torres Strait Islander origin').
Disability Services NMDS 2018–19
Disability, Standard 05/07/2019 Implementation start date: 01/07/2018 Implementation end date: 30/06/2019 DSS specific information: The term 'Indigenous status' does not include 'South Sea Islander origin'. People of 'South Sea Islander origin' should be recorded as code 4 ('Neither Aboriginal origin nor Torres Strait Islander origin').
Mental Health Carer Experience of Service NBEDS
Health, Standard 10/06/2022 Implementation start date: 01/07/2022 DSS specific information: This relates to question 33 of the Mental Health Carer Experience Survey. The full question is: 33. Are you of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent? Where the respondent has ticked ‘No’ on the survey, the value 4 - Neither Aboriginal nor Torres Strait Islander origin - should be used.
Perinatal NMDS 2014-18
Health, Superseded 02/08/2017 Implementation start date: 01/07/2014 Implementation end date: 30/06/2018 DSS specific information: This item is collected once for the mother and once for the baby.
Perinatal NMDS 2018-19
Health, Superseded 12/12/2018 Implementation start date: 01/07/2018 Implementation end date: 30/06/2019 DSS specific information: This item is collected once for the mother and once for the baby.
Perinatal NMDS 2019–20
Health, Superseded 03/12/2020 Implementation start date: 01/07/2019 Implementation end date: 30/06/2020 DSS specific information: This data element is recorded once for the mother and once for the baby.
Perinatal NMDS 2020–21
Health, Superseded 03/12/2020 Implementation start date: 01/07/2020 Implementation end date: 30/06/2021 DSS specific information: This data element is recorded once for the mother and once for the baby.
Perinatal NMDS 2021–22
Health, Superseded 17/12/2021 Implementation start date: 01/07/2021 Implementation end date: 30/06/2022 DSS specific information: This data element is recorded once for the mother and once for the baby.
Perinatal NMDS 2022–23
Health, Superseded 09/12/2022 Implementation start date: 01/07/2022 Implementation end date: 30/06/2023 DSS specific information: This data element is recorded once for the mother and once for the baby. In the case of multiple births, this data element should be recorded for each baby born.
Perinatal NMDS 2023–24
Health, Standard 09/12/2022 Implementation start date: 01/07/2023 Implementation end date: 30/06/2024 DSS specific information: This data element is recorded once for the mother and once for the baby. In the case of multiple births, this data element should be recorded for each baby born.
Perinatal NMDS 2024–25
Health, Qualified 19/10/2023 Implementation start date: 01/07/2024 Implementation end date: 30/06/2025 DSS specific information: This data element is recorded once for the mother and once for the baby. In the case of multiple births, this data element should be recorded for each baby born.
Person (housing assistance) cluster
Housing assistance, Superseded 19/12/2017 DSS specific information: The Public Housing and SOMIH collections do not collect Indigenous status according to the ABS standard. The values collected do not form a one-to-one relationship with the standard, as shown in the table below: Standard METeOR Value | Standard METeOR Label | PH/SOMIH Value | PH/SOMIH Label | 1 | Aboriginal but not Torres Strait Islander | 1 | Indigenous (not further defined) | 2 | Torres Strait Islander but not Aboriginal | 1 | Indigenous (not further defined) | 3 | Both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander | 1 | Indigenous (not further defined) | 4 | Neither Aboriginal nor Torres Strait Islander | 2 | Neither Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander | 9 | Not stated/Inadequately described | 9 | Not stated/Inadequately described |
Status is recorded as stands on the date the household tenancy is ended or at 30 June, whichever is earlier.
Person (housing assistance) cluster
Housing assistance, Standard 19/12/2017 DSS specific information: The Public Housing and SOMIH collections do not collect Indigenous status according to the ABS standard. The values collected do not form a one-to-one relationship with the standard, as shown in the table below: Standard METeOR Value | Standard METeOR Label | PH/SOMIH Value | PH/SOMIH Label | 1 | Aboriginal but not Torres Strait Islander | 1 | Indigenous (not further defined) | 2 | Torres Strait Islander but not Aboriginal | 1 | Indigenous (not further defined) | 3 | Both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander | 1 | Indigenous (not further defined) | 4 | Neither Aboriginal nor Torres Strait Islander | 2 | Neither Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander | 9 | Not stated/Inadequately described | 9 | Not stated/Inadequately described |
Status is recorded as stands on the date the household tenancy is ended or at 30 June, whichever is earlier.
Prison clinic contact NBEDS 2018
Health, Recorded 22/12/2022 DSS specific information: This data element corresponds to the following question of the Clinic Visit Form: 7. Are you of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin? Code 1 (No) maps to code 4 (Neither Aboriginal nor Torres Strait Islander origin) in the Indigenous status data element. If the person is both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander origin, code 2 and code 3 can be checked simultaneously.
Prison dischargee NBEDS
Health, Standard 28/04/2016 DSS specific information: In the Prison dischargee data collection Indigenous status will be mapped to: Code 1 No Code 2 Yes, Aboriginal Code 3 Yes, Torres Strait Islander Code 9 Unknown
Prison dischargee NBEDS 2018
Health, Recorded 22/12/2022 DSS specific information: This data element corresponds to the following question of the Prison Dischargee Form: 10. Are you of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin? In the Prison dischargee data collection Indigenous status will be mapped to: Code 1 (No) maps to code 4 (Neither Aboriginal nor Torres Strait Islander origin) in the Indigenous status data element. If the person is both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander origin, code 2 and code 3 can be checked simultaneously.
Prison entrants NBEDS
Health, Standard 28/04/2016 DSS specific information: The Indigenous status codes will be mapped as follows: Code 1 No Code 2 Yes, Aboriginal Code 3 Yes, Torres Strait lslander Code 9 Unknown
Prison entrants NBEDS 2018
Health, Recorded 22/12/2022 DSS specific information: This data element corresponds to the following question of the Prison Entrants Form: 9. Are you of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin? The Indigenous status codes will be mapped as follows: - Code 1 (No) maps to code 4 (Neither Aboriginal nor Torres Strait Islander origin) in the Indigenous status data element
- Code 3 (Yes, Torres Strait Islander) maps to code 2 (Torres Strait Islander but not Aboriginal origin) in the Indigenous status data element.
- If the person is both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander origin, code 2 and code 3 can be checked simultaneously.
Prisoners in custody prescription medications NBEDS 2018
Health, Recorded 22/12/2022 DSS specific information: This data element corresponds to the following question of the Repeat Medications Form: 6. Are you of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin? Code 2 (Yes, Aboriginal) maps to code 1 (Aboriginal but not Torres Strait Islander origin) in the Indigenous status data element. Code 3 (Yes, Torres Strait Islander) maps to code 2 (Torres Strait Islander but not Aboriginal origin) in the Indigenous status data element. Code 4 (Unknown) maps to code 9 ((Not stated/inadequately described) in the Indigenous status data element. If the person is both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander origin, code 2 and code 3 can be checked simultaneously.
Public Housing and State Owned and Managed Indigenous housing (PH & SOMIH) DSS 2018-
Housing assistance, Standard 10/05/2019 Implementation start date: 01/07/2018 DSS specific information: This collection does not collect Indigenous status according to the ABS standard. The values collected do not form a one-to-one relationship with the standard, as shown in the table below: Standard METeOR Value | Standard METeOR Label | PH/SOMIH Value | PH/SOMIH Label | 1 | Aboriginal but not Torres Strait Islander | 1 | Indigenous (not further defined) | 2 | Torres Strait Islander but not Aboriginal | 1 | Indigenous (not further defined) | 3 | Both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander | 1 | Indigenous (not further defined) | 4 | Neither Aboriginal nor Torres Strait Islander | 2 | Neither Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander | 9 | Not stated/Inadequately described | 9 | Not stated/Inadequately described |
Record the status as at the date the household tenancy ended or at 30 June, whichever is earlier.
Safety in care (SC) file cluster
Children and Families, Superseded 03/11/2021 DSS specific information: Record 5 'Indigenous - not further specified' where no differentiation between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander is made. This code is used in the CP NMDS and is not mappable to the Indigenous status standard. Code 9 'Not stated/inadequately described' in the data element is equivalent to code 99 in the Child protection NMDS collection manual.
Safety in care (SC) file cluster
Children and Families, Standard 11/05/2023 DSS specific information: Record 5 'Indigenous - not further specified' where no differentiation between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander is made. This code is used in the CP NMDS and is not mappable to the Indigenous status standard. Code 9 'Not stated/inadequately described' in the data element is equivalent to code 99 in the Child protection NMDS collection manual.
Safety in care (SC) file cluster
Children and Families, Superseded 11/05/2023 DSS specific information: Record 5 'Indigenous - not further specified' where no differentiation between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander is made. This code is used in the CP NMDS and is not mappable to the Indigenous status standard. Code 9 'Not stated/inadequately described' in the data element is equivalent to code 99 in the Child protection NMDS collection manual.
Specialist Homelessness Services NMDS 2019-
Homelessness, Standard 10/08/2018 Conditional obligation: In the Specialist Homelessness Services NMDS, this data element is conditional on the client providing consent to release their personal data to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. The data element Client—consent indicator, yes/no code N, must receive a response of Yes (Code 1). DSS specific information: In the Specialist Homelessness Services NMDS, this data element is collected at the date of presentation.
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Implementation in Indicators: |
Used as Numerator
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