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Birth event—birth method, code N

Identifying and definitional attributes

Metadata item type:Help on this termData Element
Short name:Help on this termMethod of birth
METEOR identifier:Help on this term295349
Registration status:Help on this term
  • Health, Superseded 02/08/2017
Definition:Help on this termThe method of complete expulsion or extraction from its mother of a product of conception in a birth event, as represented by a code.
Data Element Concept:Birth event—birth method

Value domain attributes

Representational attributes

Representation class:Help on this termCode
Data type:Help on this termNumber
Format:Help on this termN
Maximum character length:Help on this term1
Permissible values:Help on this term
ValueMeaning
1Vaginal—non-instrumental
2Vaginal—forceps
4Caesarean section
5Vaginal— vacuum extraction
Supplementary values:Help on this term
ValueMeaning
9Not stated/inadequately described

Source and reference attributes

Submitting organisation:Help on this term

National Perinatal Data Development Committee

Data element attributes

Collection and usage attributes

Guide for use:Help on this term

In a vaginal breech with forceps to the after coming head, code as vaginal - forceps.

In a vaginal breech that has been manually rotated, code as vaginal - non-instrumental.

Where forceps/vacuum extraction are used to assist the extraction of the baby at caesarean section, code as caesarean section.

Where a hysterotomy is performed to extract the baby, code as caesarean section.

Collection methods:Help on this termIn the case of multiple births, method of birth should be recorded for each baby born.
Comments:Help on this termNote: Code 3, which had a meaning in previous versions of the data standard is no longer used.  As is good practice, the code will not be reused.

Source and reference attributes

Submitting organisation:Help on this termNational Perinatal Data Development Committee

Relational attributes

Related metadata references:Help on this term
See also Birth event—additional indication for caesarean section, code N[N]
  • Health, Superseded 02/08/2017
See also Birth event—additional indications for caesarean section, code NN
  • Health, Superseded 13/11/2014
Has been superseded by Birth event—birth method, code N
  • ACT Health (retired), Candidate 14/08/2018
  • Health, Superseded 12/12/2018
Supersedes Birth event—delivery method, code N
  • Health, Superseded 06/09/2006
See also Birth event—main indication for caesarean section, code N[N]
  • Health, Superseded 02/08/2017
See also Birth event—main indication for caesarean section, code NN
  • Health, Superseded 13/11/2014
Implementation in Data Set Specifications:Help on this term
All attributes +

Perinatal NMDS 2007-2008Health, Superseded 05/02/2008

DSS specific attributes +

Implementation start date: 01/07/2007

Implementation end date: 30/06/2008


Perinatal NMDS 2008-2010Health, Superseded 02/12/2009

DSS specific attributes +

Implementation start date: 01/07/2008

Implementation end date: 30/06/2010


Perinatal NMDS 2010-2011Health, Superseded 21/12/2010

DSS specific attributes +

Implementation start date: 01/07/2010

Implementation end date: 30/06/2011

DSS specific information:

In the case of multiple births, this item should be recorded for each baby born.

Perinatal NMDS 2011-12Health, Superseded 07/03/2012

DSS specific attributes +

Implementation start date: 01/07/2011

Implementation end date: 30/06/2012

DSS specific information:

In the case of multiple births, this item should be recorded for each baby born.

Perinatal NMDS 2012-13Health, Superseded 07/02/2013

DSS specific attributes +

Implementation start date: 01/07/2012

Implementation end date: 30/06/2013

DSS specific information:

In the case of multiple births, this item should be recorded for each baby born.

Perinatal NMDS 2013-14Health, Superseded 07/03/2014

DSS specific attributes +

Implementation start date: 01/07/2013

Implementation end date: 30/06/2014

DSS specific information:

In the case of multiple births, this item should be recorded for each baby born.


Perinatal NMDS 2014-18Health, Superseded 02/08/2017

DSS specific attributes +

Implementation start date: 01/07/2014

Implementation end date: 30/06/2018

DSS specific information:

In the case of multiple births, this item should be recorded for each baby born.


Implementation in Indicators:Help on this term
Used as Numerator

Australian Atlas of Healthcare Variation: Caesarean section for selected women giving birth for the first time, 2012-2014Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, Standard 07/06/2017

Australian Atlas of Healthcare Variation: Third- and fourth-degree perineal tears for all vaginal births, 2012-2014Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, Standard 07/06/2017

Caesarean section at less than 37, 38 and 39 completed weeks gestation without medical or obstetric indication, 2017Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, Standard 27/04/2021

Caesarean section or induction of labour at less than 37, 38 and 39 completed weeks gestation without medical or obstetric indication, 2017Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, Standard 27/04/2021

Early planned caesarean section without medical or obstetric indication, 2015Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, Standard 13/12/2018

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 01–Tobacco smoking in pregnancy for all females giving birth, 2018Health, Superseded 19/06/2019

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 01–Tobacco smoking in pregnancy for all females giving birth, 2019Health, Superseded 16/09/2020

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 01-Tobacco smoking in pregnancy for all women giving birth (2013)Health, Superseded 02/02/2016

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 01—Tobacco smoking in pregnancy for all women giving birth (2016)Health, Superseded 06/09/2018

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 02-Antenatal care in the first trimester for all women giving birth (2013)Health, Superseded 02/02/2016

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 02—Antenatal care in the first trimester for all women giving birth (2016)Health, Superseded 06/09/2018

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 02–Antenatal care visits in the first trimester for all females giving birth, 2018Health, Superseded 19/06/2019

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 02–Antenatal care visits in the first trimester for all females giving birth, 2019Health, Superseded 16/09/2020

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 02–Antenatal care visits in the first trimester for all females giving birth, 2020Health, Superseded 17/12/2021

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 03–Episiotomy for females giving birth for the first time and giving birth vaginally, 2018Health, Superseded 19/06/2019

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 03–Episiotomy for females giving birth for the first time and giving birth vaginally, 2019Health, Superseded 16/09/2020

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 03–Episiotomy for females giving birth for the first time and giving birth vaginally, 2020Health, Superseded 17/12/2021

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 03-Episiotomy for women giving birth for the first time and giving birth vaginally (2013)Health, Superseded 02/02/2016

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 03—Episiotomy for women giving birth for the first time and giving birth vaginally (2016)Health, Superseded 06/09/2018

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 06–Caesarean section for selected females giving birth for the first time, 2018Health, Superseded 19/06/2019

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 06–Caesarean section for selected females giving birth for the first time, 2019Health, Superseded 16/09/2020

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 06–Caesarean section for selected females giving birth for the first time, 2020Health, Superseded 17/12/2021

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 06-Caesarean section for selected women giving birth for the first time (2013)Health, Superseded 02/02/2016

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 06—Caesarean section for selected women giving birth for the first time (2016)Health, Superseded 06/09/2018

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 07–Non-instrumental vaginal birth for selected females giving birth for the first time, 2018Health, Superseded 19/06/2019

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 07–Non-instrumental vaginal birth for selected females giving birth for the first time, 2019Health, Superseded 16/09/2020

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 07–Non-instrumental vaginal birth for selected females giving birth for the first time, 2020Health, Superseded 17/12/2021

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 07-Normal (non-instrumental) vaginal birth for selected women giving birth for the first time (2013)Health, Superseded 02/02/2016

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 07—Normal (non-instrumental) vaginal birth for selected women giving birth for the first time (2016)Health, Superseded 06/09/2018

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 08–Instrumental vaginal birth for selected females giving birth for the first time, 2018Health, Superseded 19/06/2019

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 08–Instrumental vaginal birth for selected females giving birth for the first time, 2019Health, Superseded 16/09/2020

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 08–Instrumental vaginal birth for selected females giving birth for the first time, 2020Health, Superseded 17/12/2021

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 08-Instrumental vaginal birth for selected women giving birth for the first time (2013)Health, Superseded 02/02/2016

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 08—Instrumental vaginal birth for selected women giving birth for the first time (2016)Health, Superseded 06/09/2018

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 09–General anaesthetic for females giving birth by caesarean section, 2018Health, Superseded 19/06/2019

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 09–General anaesthetic for females giving birth by caesarean section, 2019Health, Superseded 16/09/2020

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 09–General anaesthetic for females giving birth by caesarean section, 2020Health, Superseded 17/12/2021

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 09-General anaesthetic for women giving birth by caesarean section (2013)Health, Superseded 02/02/2016

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 09—General anaesthetic for women giving birth by caesarean section (2016)Health, Superseded 06/09/2018

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 13—Third and fourth degree tears for (a) all vaginal first births and (b) all vaginal births (2016)Health, Superseded 06/09/2018

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 13–Third and fourth degree tears for vaginal births, 2018Health, Superseded 19/06/2019

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 13–Third and fourth degree tears for vaginal births, 2019Health, Superseded 16/09/2020

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 13–Third and fourth degree tears for vaginal births, 2020Health, Superseded 17/12/2021

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 15–Females having their second birth vaginally whose first birth was by caesarean section, 2018Health, Superseded 19/06/2019

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 15–Females having their second birth vaginally whose first birth was by caesarean section, 2019Health, Superseded 16/09/2020

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 15–Females having their second birth vaginally whose first birth was by caesarean section, 2020Health, Superseded 17/12/2021

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 15—Women having their second birth vaginally whose first birth was by caesarean section (2016)Health, Superseded 06/09/2018

Used as Denomirator

Australian Atlas of Healthcare Variation: Third- and fourth-degree perineal tears for all vaginal births, 2012-2014Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, Standard 07/06/2017

Caesarean section at less than 37, 38 and 39 completed weeks gestation without medical or obstetric indication, 2017Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, Standard 27/04/2021

Caesarean section or induction of labour at less than 37, 38 and 39 completed weeks gestation without medical or obstetric indication, 2017Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, Standard 27/04/2021

Early planned caesarean section without medical or obstetric indication, 2015Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, Standard 13/12/2018

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 01–Tobacco smoking in pregnancy for all females giving birth, 2018Health, Superseded 19/06/2019

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 01–Tobacco smoking in pregnancy for all females giving birth, 2019Health, Superseded 16/09/2020

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 01-Tobacco smoking in pregnancy for all women giving birth (2013)Health, Superseded 02/02/2016

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 01—Tobacco smoking in pregnancy for all women giving birth (2016)Health, Superseded 06/09/2018

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 02-Antenatal care in the first trimester for all women giving birth (2013)Health, Superseded 02/02/2016

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 02—Antenatal care in the first trimester for all women giving birth (2016)Health, Superseded 06/09/2018

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 02–Antenatal care visits in the first trimester for all females giving birth, 2018Health, Superseded 19/06/2019

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 02–Antenatal care visits in the first trimester for all females giving birth, 2019Health, Superseded 16/09/2020

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 02–Antenatal care visits in the first trimester for all females giving birth, 2020Health, Superseded 17/12/2021

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 03–Episiotomy for females giving birth for the first time and giving birth vaginally, 2018Health, Superseded 19/06/2019

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 03–Episiotomy for females giving birth for the first time and giving birth vaginally, 2019Health, Superseded 16/09/2020

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 03–Episiotomy for females giving birth for the first time and giving birth vaginally, 2020Health, Superseded 17/12/2021

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 03-Episiotomy for women giving birth for the first time and giving birth vaginally (2013)Health, Superseded 02/02/2016

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 03—Episiotomy for women giving birth for the first time and giving birth vaginally (2016)Health, Superseded 06/09/2018

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 09–General anaesthetic for females giving birth by caesarean section, 2018Health, Superseded 19/06/2019

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 09–General anaesthetic for females giving birth by caesarean section, 2019Health, Superseded 16/09/2020

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 09–General anaesthetic for females giving birth by caesarean section, 2020Health, Superseded 17/12/2021

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 09-General anaesthetic for women giving birth by caesarean section (2013)Health, Superseded 02/02/2016

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 09—General anaesthetic for women giving birth by caesarean section (2016)Health, Superseded 06/09/2018

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 13—Third and fourth degree tears for (a) all vaginal first births and (b) all vaginal births (2016)Health, Superseded 06/09/2018

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 13–Third and fourth degree tears for vaginal births, 2018Health, Superseded 19/06/2019

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 13–Third and fourth degree tears for vaginal births, 2019Health, Superseded 16/09/2020

National Core Maternity Indicators: PI 13–Third and fourth degree tears for vaginal births, 2020Health, Superseded 17/12/2021

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