National Healthcare Agreement: P20-Potentially avoidable deaths, 2010

Identifying and definitional attributes

Metadata item type:Help on this termIndicator
Indicator type:Help on this termIndicator
Short name:Help on this termPotentially avoidable deaths, 2010
METEOR identifier:Help on this term394495
Registration status:Help on this term
Description:Help on this termDeaths that are potentially avoidable within the present health system:
  • potentially preventable deaths are those amenable to screening and primary prevention such as immunisation
  • potentially treatable deaths are those amenable to therapeutic interventions
    • Indicator set:Help on this termNational Healthcare Agreement (2010)
    Health, Superseded 08/06/2011
    Outcome area:Help on this termPrimary and Community Health
    Health, Standard 07/07/2010
    Quality statement:Help on this termNational Healthcare Agreement: P20-Potentially avoidable deaths, 2010 QS Health, Superseded 08/06/2011

    Collection and usage attributes

    Population group age to:Help on this termLess than 75 years
    Computation description:Help on this term

    Deaths are defined as avoidable in the context of the present health system.

    Rates are directly age-standardised to the Australian population as at 30 June 2001.

    Presented per 100,000 population.

    ICD-10 codes in scope are as specified below:

    Table 20A: ICD-10 codes for potentially avoidable deaths, by major cause of death group

    Cause of death groupICD-10 CodesLimits(age, sex)TreatablePreventable
    Infections
    TuberculosisA15–A19, B90 X 
    Selected invasive bacterial and protozoal infectionsA38–A41, A46, A48.1 B50–B54, G00,G03, J02.0, J13–J15, J18, L03 X 
    HepatitisB15–B19  X
    HIV/AIDSB20–B24  X
    Viral pneumonia and influenzaJ10, J12, J17.1, J21  X
    Enteritis and other diarrhoeal diseaseA00–A09  X
    Childhood vaccine-preventable diseasesA35–A37, A49.1, A49.2, A80, B01, B05–B06, J110–14 X
    Sexually transmitted diseases, except HIV/AIDSA50–A64, M02.3, N34.1, N70–N73, N75.0, N75.1, N76.4, N76.6, O00  X
    Ear infections—otitis media and mastoiditisH65–H70 X 
    Upper respiratory tract infectionJ00–J06 X 
    Cancer
    Lip, oral cavity and pharynxC00–C14  X
    OesophagusC15  X
    StomachC16  X
    ColorectalC18–C21 X 
    LiverC22  X
    LungC33, C34  X
    Melanoma of skinC43 X 
    Non-melanocytic skinC44X 
    BreastC50FemaleX 
    CervixC53 X 
    UterusC54, C55 X 
    BladderC67 X 
    ThyroidC73 X 
    Hodgkin’s diseaseC81 X 
    Lymphoid leukaemia—acute/chronicC91.0, C91.1X 
    Benign cancersD10–D36 X 
    Malignant neoplasm of testisC62  X
    Malignant neoplasm of eye and adnexaC69  X
    DiabetesE10–E14 X (0.5)X (0.5)
    Drug use disorders
    Alcohol related diseaseF10, I42.6, K29.2, K70  X
    Illicit drug use disordersF11–F16, F18, F19  X
    EpilepsyG40, G41 X 
    Diseases of the circulatory system
    Rheumatic and other valvular heart diseaseI01–I09 X 
    Hypertensive heart diseaseI11 X 
    Ischaemic heart diseaseI20–I25 X (0.5)X (0.5)
    Cerebrovascular diseasesI60–I69 X (0.5)X (0.5)
    Aortic aneurysmI71  X
    Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of other deep vessels of lower extremitiesI80.2   
    Pulmonary embolismI26  X
    Diseases of the genitourinary system
    Nephritis and nephrosisI12, I13, N00–N09, N17–N19 X 
    Obstructive uropathy & prostatic hyperplasiaN13, N20, N21, N35, N40, N99.1 X 
    Diseases of the respiratory system
    COPDJ40–J4445–74 yearsX
    AsthmaJ45, J460–44 yearsX 
    Diseases of the digestive system
    Peptic ulcer diseaseK25–K28 X 
    Diseases of appendix; hernia; disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract, and pancreasK35–K38, K40–K46, K80–K83, K85, K86, K91.5 X 
    Chronic liver disease (excluding alcohol-related disease)K73, K74  X
    Maternal & infant causes
    Birth defectsH31.1, P00, P04, Q00–Q99 X 
    Complications of perinatal periodP03, P05–P95 X 
    Unintentional injuries
    Road traffic injuriesV01–V04, V06, V09–V80, V87, V89, V99  X
    FallsW00–W19  X
    Fires, burnsX00–X09  X
    Accidental poisoningsX40–X49  X
    DrowningsW65–W74  X
    WarY36  X
    Intentional injuries
    Suicide and self-inflicted injuriesX60–X84, Y87.0, Y10–Y34  X
    ViolenceX85–Y09, Y87.1  X
    Other conditions
    Nutritional deficiency anaemiaD50–D53  X
    Thyroid disordersE00–E07 X 
    Adrenal disordersE24, E27 X 
    Congenital metabolic disordersE25, E70.0, E74.2 X 
    Osteomyelitis and other osteopathies of boneM86, M89–M90  X
    Complications of pregnancy, labour or the puerperiumO01–O99  X
    Misadventures to patients during surgical and medical careY60–Y69  X
    Medical devices associated with adverse incidents in diagnostic & therapeutic useY70–Y82  X
    Surgical and other medical procedures as the cause of abnormal reaction of the patient, or of later complication, without mention of misadventure at the time of the procedureY83–Y84  X
    Computation:Help on this term

    100,000 x (Numerator ÷ Denominator)

    Calculated separately for ‘Preventable’ and ‘Treatable’ categories, as per the table above.
    Numerator:Help on this termNumber of deaths of persons aged less than 75 years, categorised as potentially avoidable
    Numerator data elements:Help on this term
    Data Element / Data Set

    Person—underlying cause of death, code (ICD-10 2nd edn) ANN-ANN

    Data Source

    ABS Causes of Death Collection

    Guide for use

    Data source type: Registry
    ICD-10 codes N99.1 and K91.5 cannot be used as underlying cause of death

    Denominator:Help on this termPopulation aged less than 75 years
    Denominator data elements:Help on this term
    Data Element / Data Set

    Data Element

    Person—estimated resident population of Australia

    Data Source

    ABS Estimated resident population (total population)

    Guide for use

    Data source type: Census-based plus administrative by-product data

    Data Element / Data Set

    Data Element

    Person—estimated resident population of Australia

    Data Source

    ABS Indigenous experimental estimates and projections (2001 Census-based)

    Guide for use

    Data source type: Census-based plus administrative by-product data

    Data Element / Data Set

    Person—age, total years N[NN]

    Data Source

    ABS Estimated resident population (total population)

    Guide for use

    Data source type: Census-based plus administrative by-product data

    Data Element / Data Set

    Person—age, total years N[NN]

    Data Source

    ABS Indigenous experimental estimates and projections (2001 Census-based)

    Guide for use

    Data source type: Census-based plus administrative by-product data

    Disaggregation data elements:Help on this term
    Data Element / Data Set

    Person—Indigenous status, code N

    Data Source

    ABS Causes of Death Collection

    Guide for use

    Data source type: Registry

    Data Element / Data Set

    Person—area of usual residence, geographical location code (ASGC 2007) NNNNN

    Data Source

    ABS Causes of Death Collection

    Guide for use

    Data source type: Registry
    Used for disaggregation by state/territory, remoteness area and SEIFA of residence

    Comments:Help on this termSpecified disaggregation: Nationally and by state/territory: by Indigenous status, remoteness area and SEIFA of residence

    Available disaggregation: Nationally and by state/territory: by Indigenous status

    Data for 2008-09 will be available mid-2010 (2008 calendar year).

    Most recent data available for 2010 CRC baseline report: 2007 (pending release of ABS data).

    Representational attributes

    Representation class:Help on this termRate
    Data type:Help on this termReal
    Unit of measure:Help on this termPerson
    Format:Help on this termNN[N].N

    Indicator conceptual framework

    Framework and dimensions:Help on this termDeaths

    Data source attributes

    Data sources:Help on this term
    Data Source

    ABS Estimated resident population (total population)

    Frequency

    Quarterly

    Quality statement

    ABS Estimated resident population (total population), QS

    Data custodian

    Australian Bureau of Statistics

    Data Source

    ABS Causes of Death Collection

    Frequency

    Annual

    Quality statement

    ABS causes of death collection, QS

    Data custodian

    Australian Bureau of Statistics

    Data Source

    ABS Indigenous experimental estimates and projections (2001 Census-based)

    Frequency

    Periodic

    Quality statement

    ABS Indigenous experimental estimates and projections, QS

    Data custodian

    Australian Bureau of Statistics

    Accountability attributes

    Reporting requirements:Help on this termNational Healthcare Agreement
    Organisation responsible for providing data:Help on this termAustralian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) to provide the data. Data quality statement to be prepared by ABS in consultation with the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.
    Further data development / collection required:Help on this termSpecification: Interim

    International work is currently being undertaken to refine and standardise the definition of avoidable mortality.

    The specifications for this indicator could be modified following completion of the international work; for example, considering the prevalence of particular conditions, any advances in the effectiveness of healthcare and other interventions to prevent or treat them.
    Other issues caveats:Help on this termDisaggregations within individual jurisdictions are subject to data quality considerations. Some disaggregations may result in numbers too small for publication.

    Theoretically, this indicator could be adjusted for levels of community morbidity and risk factor prevalence. Or, information on risk factor prevalence and community morbidity could be used to assist interpretation of the indicator. There are currently no methods developed to undertake such adjustments.

    The 75 years age cut-off is somewhat arbitrary, and will have different effects on different causes of death. For example, most car accident deaths will be included, but many hip fracture deaths will not be included.

    Interpreting a change or difference in a mortality rate is problematic, as the change or difference could reflect variation in disease incidence, survival (case fatality) or both.

    Source and reference attributes

    Relational attributes

    Related metadata references:Help on this term
    See also National Healthcare Agreement: P05-Proportion of persons obese, 2010
    • Health, Superseded 08/06/2011
    See also National Healthcare Agreement: P06-Proportion of adults who are daily smokers, 2010
    • Health, Superseded 08/06/2011
    See also National Healthcare Agreement: P07-Proportion of adults at risk of long-term harm from alcohol, 2010
    • Health, Superseded 08/06/2011
    See also National Healthcare Agreement: P09-Immunisation rates for vaccines in the national schedule, 2010
    • Health, Superseded 08/06/2011
    See also National Healthcare Agreement: P18-Life expectancy, 2010
    • Health, Superseded 08/06/2011
    See also National Healthcare Agreement: P19-Infant/young child mortality rate, 2010
    • Health, Superseded 08/06/2011
    See also National Healthcare Agreement: P22-Selected potentially preventable hospitalisations, 2010
    • Health, Superseded 08/06/2011
    See also National Healthcare Agreement: P43-Unplanned/unexpected readmissions within 28 days of selected surgical admissions, 2010
    • Health, Superseded 08/06/2011
    See also National Healthcare Agreement: P59-Age-standardised mortality by major cause of death, 2010
    • Health, Superseded 08/06/2011
    Has been superseded by National Healthcare Agreement: PI 20-Potentially avoidable deaths, 2011
    • Health, Superseded 31/10/2011