Infants (<1 year old): 1,000 x (Numerator ÷ Denominator)
Children (0–4 year olds): 100,000 x (Numerator ÷ Denominator)

Calculated separately for each of the two age groups, and for all Australians, Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians.

Variability bands are to be calculated for single-year rates and aggregate rates by state/territory using the following method for estimating 95% confidence intervals:

CI (CR) = CR ± 1.96 x (CR/√d)

Where d = number of deaths

         CI = confidence interval

         CR = crude rate

Presented as:

• number of deaths per 1,000 live births (infant)
• number of deaths per 100,000 population (child).

Rate ratios and rate differences are calculated for comparing Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. The rates for a single year use single year data for the numerator, and the average of three years (with the reference year as the middle year) for the denominator. The rates for 5 years of data combined use the average of 5 years data for the numerator and denominator.

• Number of deaths among infants (aged < 1 year).
• Number of deaths among children aged 0–4 years.

• Number of live births; and
• Population aged 0–4 years.

2011–13—State and territory.

2009–13—State and territory, by Indigenous status.

2013—Nationally.

2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 (resupplied for children aged 0-4 years for updated Indigenous Estimated Resident Population), 2013—Nationally, by Indigenous status.

2012—Nationally, by remoteness (0-4 years only) (Major Cities, Inner and Outer Regional combined, Remote and Very remote combined).

Some disaggregations may result in numbers too small for publication. Disaggregation by Indigenous status will be based on data only from jurisdictions for which the quality of Indigenous identification is considered acceptable - NSW, Qld, WA, SA and NT.

Most recent data available for 2015 National Healthcare Agreement (NHA) performance reporting:

• 2013 (released Nov 2014)
• 2011-13 (Total population)
• 2009–2013 (Indigenous status).

Because of small numbers of deaths each year data are presented in 3 (total population) or 5-year (Indigenous population) groupings (state and territory only).

Single year data will be reported for time series analysis (national level only). 

A system error affected the reporting of WA Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander death registrations for 2007, 2008 and 2009 which affected the WA and national death rates reported for the 2011 and 2012 CRC reports. These data have been revised for 2013 reporting.

Data by remoteness may be available, pending assessment of data quality.

Further details (including historical data) are available from the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Performance Framework (Indicator 1.20).

http://www.health.gov.au/indigenous-hpf

National Healthcare Agreement: PB b-Better health: halve the mortality gap for Indigenous children under five by 2018, 2015

NPA on Closing the Gap in Indigenous Health Outcomes
Halve the gap in mortality rates for Indigenous children under five within a decade.